Overview of the Management Plan

Introduction A plan is an integral part of all complicated tasks to be done. In this respect, a plan should cover all stages of the process including financial part and risk management. Expanding into different markets is a really complicated task that requires a lot of information to be processed, assessed, and used while planning certain activities.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Overview of the Management Plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, the current management plan contains overview of the country to expand into different regions, best practices to take into account, and each sector that should be considered while launching products in other countries. General Overview of the Country Transnational companies should take into account a number of challenges and difficulties that may occur in the process of expanding into several different markets. In this respect, large corporations and companies should acquire knowledge and apply successful experience of other transnational corporations in order to operate effectively in the international market, especially while expanding into several markets outside the country of origin. So, gaining knowledge about â€Å"customers, suppliers, and talent in foreign lands† (Gupta, Govindarajan Wang, 2008, p.217) is one of the most important steps in the strategy aimed at expanding of the company into other markets than its national one. As soon as the company gains information and finds appropriate methods of its application, elaboration and implementation of those to practice, this company can move to the international market. As reported by Gupta et al. (2008), â€Å"One of the most important benefits from early globalization can be rapid growth or even the transformation of an interesting but economically nonviable business idea into a viable one† (pp.221-222). So, effective globalization and expanding into different mar kets can be encouraged by various incentives offered in the markets of other countries as a mean of attracting foreign investments and introducing more active competition onto the market.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In other words, â€Å"rapid accumulation of competitive advantage† (Gupta et al., 2008, p.222) as suggested in the case of Bharti Airtel Limited that expands into the Kenyan market where the government provides certain areas of business with special incentives regardless of the fact that some legal differences between India and Kenya may pose business challenges (Sinkovics, 2009) because the company will implement the best business practices into operation. In other words, the country of origin and examination of its legal base, rules of making business, and other numerous peculiar features are very important while launching a product onto the mar ket or simply expanding into that market. Best Practices to Implement Experience on business, legal, and cultural practices can be implemented after analyzing other cases of successful application of certain viable perspectives into operation. In this respect, it is necessary to take a set of measures including solving such industry constraints as â€Å"need for local adaptation, need for local infrastructure, and regulatory barriers† (Gupta et al., 2008, p.226). In other words, the company should conduct a thorough research before even trying to expand into different markets all over the world. Incorporation of best practices is aimed at facilitating the application of international needs to the company’s strategies and company’s expectations and long-term plans into international market with its unique needs, preferences, and tendencies of demand and supply, insurance, and risks. Another point that should be taken to discussion is the resources management and its peculiarities for international companies and international market, especially in cases when human resources and materials are the basic ones for the production. As reported by Bartlett, Beamish, Ghoshal (2008), â€Å"The task of coordinating flows of materials, components, and finished products becomes extremely complex as companies build transnational structures and capabilities† (p.651).Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Overview of the Management Plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Though materials and manufactured goods are of primary concern, it is necessary to remember about human resources in terms of recruiting and training or outsourcing as the most appropriate way of effective performance. To sum up, the best practices used or invented by other businesses and corporations should be implemented to the extent of creating the most appropriate ground for effective manufacturing goods or p roviding services. In other words, knowledge management, collaboration and communication practices, multicultural awareness and construction of intangible capital are some of the components to be used while expanding into different markets using incentives such as competitive advantage to attract customer and develop their loyalty to the brand. Besides, employees and product distributors who are already conversant with the market are able to facilitate the learning of the markets needs and expectations (Jain, 2003). Management Plan Scope management One of the first steps to be made by the company is to conduct a research on the market’s peculiarities, legal issues, and needs of customers and their expectations from the foreign brand. A team of international experts has to outline the major areas of the highest and lowest priority for company in terms of effective distribution of goods, further development of the product line and brand extension, expanding of the company into other markets, and its financial performance used for research and development, training and professional development programs, incorporation of international practices, and other areas of main concern. Schedule management The team of schedule managers should analyze the situation in terms of various criteria to be achieved and evaluate the periods of time necessary to accomplish the company’s mission. Definite time frames should be stated for each process and each step. In other words, the company should thoroughly plan its operation in the international market.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Financial management Budgeting is one of the most important sectors for managerial to accomplish because it enables the company to grow further and extend its brand line, implement technological innovations to gain more profit and invest it into research and development sector to gain competitive advantage over its rivals. Moreover, successful assessment of sectors in need for financial investment and priority in this issues and distribution of financial assistance can be rather beneficial in terms of areas of highest priority. Quality management Quality of goods and services provided should be assessed by independent experts which involves outsourcing and extra costs spent on this sector. However, if the company is interested in the manufacturing of high-end products and providing the customers with services of high quality, it should spend some costs on establishment of a special department that should deal with assessment of quality, monitoring or activities, and counseling on th e issues that can contribute to the improvement of quality or reducing cost efficiency of products by means of production of certain parts in other locations. Resources management The team of international experts has to evaluate the situation and take the most effective measures to choose the most sufficient method of employing people and delivering materials. As some locations can be farther than others, it will involve extra costs on delivery of materials and increase the cost of goods resulting in decreasing of products’ attractiveness for buyers. All manipulations performed for delivery of materials and distribution of goods should be sufficient in terms of cost of the final product that comes to the market. Communications management One of the key components in transnational management is the communication management; a failure to communicate will lead to poor performance and results. In this respect, all changes that take place in the headquarters should be introduced immediately to subsidiaries. Various software programs and other technologically advanced means of communication can enable the company to take competitive advantage over its rivals. Project change management All changes that occur in the international market are sure to affect the company’s performance. In this respect, it is necessary to trace all innovations and tendencies that affect the international market, assess those, and implement into the company in case they provide the company with some advantage over competitors or will increase the productivity, quality, or profit or good manufactured. Though some changed may be considered positive within the international market, they are not necessarily applicable to the company regarding its needs and perspectives. Risk management Every sector of economics includes some risks as well as perspectives. The company should send some costs on identification, evaluation, analysis, and appropriate treatment of risks. If the company fails to identify risk or does not want to spend costs on this procedure permanently, it can use outsourcing occasionally when some changes in the international market occur. Tracing changes and taking appropriate measures in terms of risk management can be done with the help of independent experts. Procurement management The company should take measures to ensure that all departments function in accordance with the company’s plan. Any changes and difficulties should be identified by the change management team to take steps and prevent occurrence of certain problems in procurement sector of the company in future. Delivery and distribution of material and manufactured goods is really important for the company. So, it should spend corresponding costs to provide all sectors with appropriate materials and prevent system failures. Conclusion To sum up, the plan contains consideration of the most important sectors to manage before starting to perform in the international market. A s transnational companies have to consider risks, legal issues of other countries, cultural diversity of employees, and many other issues, a management plan is the document to rely on while expanding into different markets. Overview of the country is of high importance because the country of origin can become a competitive advantage while producing goods and providing services. Reference List Bartlett, A., Beamish, W. Ghoshal, S. (2008). Transnational management: Text, cases and readings in cross-border management. 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. Gupta, A., Govindarajan. V., Wang, H. (2008). The quest for global dominance. New York: John Wiley and Sons. Jain, S. C. (2003). Handbook of research in international marketing, Vol. 2001. New York: Edward Elgar Publishing. Sinkovics, R. (2009). New challenges to international marketing. New York: Emerald Group Publishing. This coursework on Overview of the Management Plan was written and submitted by user Giant Man to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Facts About the Chinese Moon Festival

The Facts About the Chinese Moon Festival If youre planning to attend a Chinese Moon Festival or simply want to know more about a festival youve previously attended, this review will better acquaint you with the origins of the festival, the traditional foods associated with it and the different ways its celebrated. This festival is one of many observed in  China, which is home to a number of  traditional celebrations.   Also known as the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Chinese Moon Festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. Its one of the most important traditional events for the Chinese.   The Legend Behind the Fest The Moon Festival is rooted in many different myths. Legend traces the story to a hero named Hou Yi, who lived during a time when there were 10 suns in the sky. This caused people to die, so Hou Yi shot down nine of the suns and was given an elixir by the Queen of Heaven to make him immortal.  But Hou Yi didnt drink the elixir because he wanted to remain with his wife, Change (pronounced Chung-err). So, he told her  to watch over the potion. One day a student of Hou Yi tried to steal the elixir from her, and Change drank it to foil his plans. Afterward, ​she flew to the moon, and people have prayed to her for fortune ever since. Shes presented with a variety of food offerings during the Moon Fest, and festival-goers swear that they can spot Change dancing on the  moon during the festival.   What Happens During the Celebration The Moon Festival is also an occasion for family reunions. When the full moon rises, families get together to watch the full moon, eat moon cakes  and sing moon poems. Together, the full moon, the legend, the family gatherings and the poems recited during the event make the festival a great cultural observance. That is why the Chinese are so fond of the Moon Festival. Although the Moon Festival is a place where families congregate, it is also considered a romantic occasion. The festival legend, after all, is about a couple, Hou Yi and Change, who are madly in love and devoted to one another. Traditionally, lovers spent romantic nights at the event tasting delicious moon cake and drinking wine while watching the full moon. The moon cake, however, isnt just for couples. It is the ​traditional  food consumed during the Moon Festival. The Chinese eat the moon cake at night with the full moon in the sky.   When circumstances prevent couples from getting together during the event, they pass the night by watching the moon at the same time so it seems as if  they are together for the night. A great number of poems has been devoted to this romantic festival.   As the Chinese have spread out across the globe, one neednt be in China to partake in the Moon Festival. Celebrations are held in countries that are home to large Chinese populations.

Minor in Entrepreneurship Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Minor in Entrepreneurship - Assignment Example Here are some of the issues you need to understand when launching and building a new business: 1. Industry Characteristics 2. Competitive Rivalry 3. Influence of Suppliers 4. Substitute Products Most successful entrepreneurs develop an intimate knowledge of these factors by working in the industry in which they start their business. If they haven’t held a job in the industry they are serious and frequent product consumers. Personal experience in the industry provides excellent exposure to the products, services, suppliers, important contacts, competitors, strength and weaknesses of competitors, key customers, channels of distribution, and marketing strategies. In nearly every success story we have collected, extensive experience in the industry revealed the missing piece that led to the business opportunity. Successful entrepreneurs continue to experience their industry first hand after they launch their new venture. All organizations exist in geographical space; the center is the furthest away from customers; the boundary is the place where customers, products, and competitors all interface. Thriving business builders spend a great deal of time in the boundary of their organization rather than inside an office: they interact with customers, work with front-line employees, and study their competitors’ products and services. Living in the boundary provides personal and up-to-date information about new innovations, reactions from consumers, tactics of competitors, changing conditions, and new business opportunities. Abraham Lincoln, one of our greatest American presidents, is a superb example of â€Å"living in the boundary† in the political arena. According to Lincoln, the best way to assess an opportunity was to gather data personally. During his first few years in office, Lincoln spent more days out of the White House than he did in it. He inspected every state regiment that passed through Washington, D.C., he met with his generals in the field, he spent time with the troops in their encampments, he visited the wounded in hospitals, he spent many days in the telegraph office at the War Department to obtain real-time information, he studied new weaponry, and even took charge of several battles, coming under fire on more than one occasion. This approach gave Lincoln first-hand information for quick decisions and effective strategies without having to rely on second- or third-hand information from others (Donald Phillips, Lincoln on Leadership, New York: Warner Books, 1992). In like manner, successful entrepreneurs spend a considerable amount of time on the edge of their organization, rather than in the center. This gives them a broad and deep understanding of their industry and provides valuable information for decision making and strategic planning. By contrast, company founders who fail often create ideas in a vacuum, and then try to push them into unfamiliar territory. In this scenario, the learning curve is long an d steep, and the fragile venture quickly burns through the capital, passion, goodwill, and team members.

Irish economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Irish economy - Essay Example This fall in GDP growth rate had been a second to a similar dip during the fourth quarter of 2009, which is why the nation feared the possibility of a â€Å"double-dip recession† (Breadun, O’Brien & O’Brien, 2010). â€Å"Keynesian style stimulus package† Keynes had mainly emphasized upon the implementation of demand triggering policies for an economic boost. However, a positive shift in aggregate demand is least possible when an economy follows a stringent budget regime as the case had been for the Irish economy. In fact, a stringent budget policy is one of the reasons why the economy could not surpass over its recessionary phase successfully that tended a come-back within a short span. This is one of the reasons, why â€Å"Irish trade unions have stated that the previous austerity budgets have failed† and hence, have proposed that a â€Å"Keynesian style stimulus package† be followed. The Keynesian model of equilibrium proposed the following identity to equate aggregate national income, Y, with components of aggregate demand as follow – Y ? C (Y – T) + I + G + (X – M(Y)) Where, Y = National Income, T = Aggregate tax being paid. Hence, (Y – T) = Disposable Income C = Consumption Expenditure, I = Investment Expenditure, G = Government Expenditure, X = Aggregate Export Revenues M = Aggregate Imports Thus, four ways through which a stimulus package could be constructed to ensure an economic boost are as follows – Firstly, Keynes had advised a stimulus to be provided to the investors of the economy so that they should come forward and venture investment projects which could help in creating employment opportunities and thus, boost consumption demand through positively affecting the production of...†¢ Firstly, Keynes had advised a stimulus to be provided to the investors of the economy so that they should come forward and venture investment projects which could help in creating employm ent opportunities and thus, boost consumption demand through positively affecting the production of output. †¢ Secondly, the government could actually make tax relaxations to motivate people to consume more as they will be left with larger disposable income volumes. Greater the disposable income is, higher will be the consumption expenditure of the people and thus, higher will be the income generation in the economy. †¢ Thirdly, the national government must not make deductions in its own expenses and rather boost them which could actually result to increases in the aggregate demand of the economy and thus, its income level. This is starkly in contrast to the measures adopted by the Irish government which is that of restricting its budget expenditures or rather constraining it more. †¢ Lastly, the national government could also make adjustments in its rate of exchange so as to positively influence the demand for exports and negatively affect import demands. For instance, an economy amidst a recession could choose to depreciate its domestic currency so that the foreigners find it more and more lucrative to increase their purchases from the country in question, while the domestic people are back off from importing from nations which have a dearer currency.

Interrelationships between economic growth, unemployment and inflation Research Paper

Interrelationships between economic growth, unemployment and inflation - Research Paper Example There are four phases in the business cycle depending on which the effects on economic growth, inflation and unemployment change. During the period of a peak or a temporary maximum stage of the business cycle, the rate of inflation is high while the unemployment rate is low. During a recession that reflects on a decline in the total production, inflation lowers and rates of unemployment increase. Unemployment rises to a height or peal during the period of trough that refers to the bottom stage of the period of recession. This phase also reflects on lower rates of inflation. Recovery or expansion is the period when production increases again, and during this stage the rates of unemployment decline and after a certain period of time the inflation rate rises (Chapter 9- Business Cycles, Unemployment, Inflation). Inflation is such a phase that leads to increase in the costs of goods and services thereby affecting the entire economy of any country. The economy is never benefitted with ris ing inflation. However it has been obtained that governments in general often try to take suitable measures to minimize the effects of inflation, when they can study expected rising inflation in the economy. The growth in an economy and the rate of inflation move parallel and hence they cannot be expected to meet. The value of money reduces as a result of inflation thereby making the lives of people in any country difficult. The inflation and the growth in economy being inapt to each other affect different sectors of an economy that include the consumer price index, and the gross domestic product (Inflation and Economic Growth). Also, the effects of inflation and economic growth are found in...This research paper focuses on an analysis, comparison and contrast of economic growth, unemployment and inflation as associated with micro and macro economics of the world and in any individual country. Economic growth, unemployment and inflation are the factors of macroeconomics of any country. Economic growth refers to the capability of the economy of any country to turn out growing capacities of goods and services Economic performances of different countries vary at different points of time. The performance of an economy is best understood through the analysis of the indicators where economic growth, unemployment and inflation are included as major factors. A better economic state of a country may be realized if a higher percentage of its workforce is found to be doing well. In this regard, the quantity and quality of the jobs are significantly necessary to be considered. Unlike unemployment and inflation, the economic growth of a country is measured in terms of GDP or gross domestic product. It represents the total production that a country generates in a certain period of time, say a year. It can be calculated by summing up the total output, income or expenditure that occurs within a country in that particular time period. Real GDP represents the figure that has been obtained by adjustment for inflation. The percentage rise in output represents the nominal GDP through which the economic performance of a country may be determined. The association between growth in real GDP and unemployment is significant for policy makers.

Understanding consumer behaviour attitudes towards advertising

Understanding consumer behaviour attitudes towards advertising Total 2010 UK advertising expenditure amounted to 14.5 billion. Of this, more than 80 per cent was spent on display advertising in the press, broadcast, print and outdoor media. (Source: The Advertising Association) Under the current circumstances, advertising represents one of the major sectors in the economy with millions of workers worldwide. The efficiency of functioning of the economy in general, to a considerable degree, depends on that sector. Advertising accompanies competition between companies and is an essential attribute of the market economy. 1.2 Background Companies need to understand consumer behaviour in order to find the best way on how to shift demand of products in their favour. When companies are able to discover the reasons why consumers make particular purchasing decisions, they can adapt their marketing efforts to better suit the needs of the consumers. Understanding consumer behaviour may result in increased sale and improved profit performance of the organization. Classical microeconomic theories of consumer behaviour have focused on the principles of rational consumer behaviour, which suggests that consumers choice is primarily a matter of personal preferences, whereas utility theory of consumer behaviour maintains that consumer choices reflect their attempt to secure maximum usefulness from their financial resources. Citation! While classical theories still apply in contemporary western societies, the role of mass media, internet and various aspect of modern culture may have fundamentally changed many elements in the understanding of consumer behaviour. Also marketing opportunities available in the digital information age have altered the way how consumer choice is being shaped and used for profit. Advertising is perhaps the first thing that people think about when considering marketing. Companies must do more than make good products they must inform consumers about product benefits and carefully position products in consumers minds. To do this, they must skilfully use the mass-promotion tools of advertising. Advertising strategy consists of two major elements: creating advertising messages and selecting advertising media. Media planners consider many factors when making their media choices. The media habits of target consumers will affect media choice advertisers look for media that reach target consumers effectively. Target audiences are set to focus on different groups: adults, teens, pre-schoolers and other groups. It is essential to become familiar the target market, their habits, behaviours and attitude to advertising in general. It is known that student youth is less conservative in their views and decisions, comparing to others age and social groups. 1.3 Research Aims and Rationale Based on the above information, the main aim of the research is to investigate the extent to which the purchasing decisions of students in the UK are influenced by the advertisement campaigns. During the preparation of the current research paper a questionnaire was carried out among Queen Marys students, which aimed to study their attitude to advertising. Survey sample covered opinions of 20 young people between the ages of 21-24, that is students in their last years of studies. The choice of the audience was not random. The survey had a probing character and could not represent the aggregate of the student youth population or even more general adult audience with statistical precision. However it offers a clear representation of dominating tendencies in preferences and opinions of the chosen audience, which is the main aim of mass advertising. 1.4 Outline of the Project Chapter 2: Literature review Advertising is an important means by which economic enterprises communicate with both their current and potential customers. It is often said that to be effective an advertisement must be read, understood, believed, remembered and acted upon (Adcock, Halborg, Ross, 2001) There are five principal ways in which a company can communicate with its markets: Media advertising (commercial television and radio, the press, posters, cinema and direct mail/internet) Public relations activities Selling Merchandising Packaging (Chisnal, 2001) These promotional activities are at the heart of effective marketing strategies. According to Adcock, Halborg, Ross, (2001) advertising strategy consists of two major elements: creating advertising messages and selecting advertising media. The major steps in media selection are: deciding on reach, frequency and impact; choosing among major media types; selecting specific media vehicles; and deciding on media timing. The current research paper is concerned with determining an appropriate media type (medium) which better suits habits and preferences of the observed population. Media planners consider many factors when making their media choices. The media habits of target consumers will affect media choice advertisers look for media that reach target consumers effectively (Kotler, Armstrong, 1997). For example fashions are best advertised in colour magazines and daily newspapers are a first consideration in advertising real estate. Different types of messages may require different media. Cost is another major factor in media choice. Whereas television is very expensive, for example, newspaper advertising costs much less. Setting the advertising budget is a complex task. Some critics charge that large consumer packaged-goods firms tend to spend too much on advertising, and industrial companies generally underspend on advertising. They claim that the large consumer companies use lots of image advertising without really knowing its effects. They overspend as a form of insurance against not spending enough. (Kotler, Armstrong, 1997) For a long time, television and magazines have dominated in the media mixes of advertisers with other media being neglected (Jobber, 1995). Recently, however, costs of these media have gone up and audiences have dropped. Advertisers are now increasingly turning to alternative media, such as outdoor advertising or internet. The question that concerns companies remains the same: how much advertising spending really has on consumer buying and branding royalty? In order to answer it media impact must be re-examined regularly. As summarized in the table the major media types are newspapers, television, radio, magazines, and outdoor. It is important to list advantages and limitations of mediums, as they will prove to be guidelines in the interpretation of the observed results. Medium Advantages Limitations Newspapers Flexibility; timeliness; good local market coverage; high believability Short life; small pass-long audience Television Good mass market coverage; combines sight, sound, and motion; appealing to the senses High absolute costs; high clutter; fleeting exposure; Less audience selectivity Radio Good local; acceptance, high geographic and demographic selectivity; low cost Audio only, fleeting exposure; low attention; fragmented audiences Magazines High geographic and demographic selectivity; credibility and prestige; long life and good pass-along readership Long ad purchase lead time; high cost; no guarantee of position Outdoor Flexibility; High repeat exposure; low cost; low message competition; good positional selectivity Little audience selectivity; creative limitations Chapter 3: Research Method and Procedure 3.1 Introduction This chapter reviews the research methods which were used in this project. It is necessary for a researcher to choose a suitable method for the problem. To get a full picture a blend of qualitative and quantative research analysis is recommended. This research will take the following procedure: define the research objectives, develop research approach, analyse results and make a conclusion. 3.2 Research Objectives. This research takes into consideration three main objectives. Firstly, to determine respondents attitudes to advertising in general. Secondly, to identify students preferences among different types of media. The final objective of a survey is concerned with evaluating the influence of advertisement campaigns on the purchasing decisions of students in the UK. 3.3 Research Approach and Instruments. There are several methods of collecting data for research. In the current paper the primary data was collected for the first time using questionnaires. This method has proved to be efficient way in getting both quantative and qualitative data. The questionnaire (Appendix 1) incorporated both main types of questions which are commonly used in surveys: open-ended questions and closed questions. Open questions are interesting because of the spontaneity and individual flavour of the replies, but frequently it is difficult to compress free answers into limited number of codings. Findings in closed questions provided the research with statistical evidence, whereas open questions gave to the research depth and range of information. Interviewer was recording all answers verbatim because there is always a danger of interviewer bias through inaccurate recording. 3.4 Reasons for specific questions In giving an answer to the question 1: What is your attitude to advertising in general? respondents had a considerable freedom in phrasing an answer, which may be lengthy and detailed, and in his or her own words. In the question 3 respondents were able to choose from a range of possible answers. The simple follow up question invited to give a more detailed explanation on the subject. Questions 4 to 6 were closed type questions, which call strictly limited responses. The respondents were offered a choice of alternative replies from which he or she was expected to select an answer corresponding to his or her personal views on a particular subject. The research used simple alternative questions: YES/NO. 3.5 Summary The results of this process will appear in the next chapter. Chapter 4: Results 4.1 Introduction The project sought to examine media popularity among students and find out to what extent advertising influences their purchasing decisions. To achieve the research projects aim and rationale, a questionnaire was utilized as stated in the previous chapter. The following section will present and analyse results of this survey. 4.2 Findings. Part 1 As shown in Diagram 1, the vast majority of respondents prefer television, whereas magazines took the second place. The results indicate that the Internet is the third popular media, while newspaper and outdoor advertising share the fourth place. Percentages indicate the proportion of votes students gave to a specific media out of total votes. For instance out of total 37 only 1 vote was given to advertising on the radio. Popularity of television was not a surprise as it combines sight, sound and motion. It was described by respondents as the most effective and the best medium for advertising. It advantage lies in broad mass market coverage. Magazines appeal to students for its credibility and prestige; long life and good pass-along readership. Students explained that it is good for fashion, and pictures of movie stars make it attracting. Outdoor media was described the most creative and eye catching. It is interesting to note that on the contrary (Author) mentioned little creativity as a negative side of this type of media. Newspapers appeal for its timeliness and high believability. It is popular among those respondents who spend a lot of time travelling. Internet advertising is relatively new media type however number of its admirers grows. It can be explained with growing popularity of online shopping. Another advantage is that it has no time limitation and can be viewed day and night. However spam is often mentioned as its negative point. Radio came last, probably due to its disadvantages: audio only, fleeting exposure and low attention. Not the least of the factors was that most of the students live in halls of residence, which lack radio equipment. 4.2 Finding. Part 2 Bar Chart 1 shows responses to questions. The bar chart clearly shows students opinions on specific subjects. Majority of students have positive attitude to advertising and commonly cite its informative function, in other words in creates awareness. Some students see the artistic value in some commercials. Advertising creates awareness, so no wonder that majority prefers advertised product over unadvertised. However there is a strong opinion that quality products do not need advertising. There have been quite a few commercials that state that product of their company is better than competitors product. The results show that vast majority do not believe those commercials. It might be a good idea for companies not to employ such advertising strategies. Just more than a half of respondent believe that commercials help them to make a better purchase. Consumers are better off when exposed to some information about the product before buying it. However 45% prefer to do their own research about the product. Answers to the question 7 clearly show the power of advertising. 85% of students wanted to try something just because they saw its commercial. Most respondents were curious and wanted try it to see whether it was as good as commercial said it to be. It is important to note that 70% respondents sing songs from commercials. This may prove as an indicator for companies adding a catchy tune to a commercial can increase sales. Chapter 5: Conclusion 5.1 Introduction This chapter will summarize findings of this research project, highlight some of the interesting findings, offer practical implications, cite limitations of this project and give suggestions for further research. Summary of Findings and Interesting Findings The purpose of the current study was to identify an advertising media with a largest exposure and find out the effect it has on its target audience. Results were analysed in the previous chapter. Practical implications of this research were also considered. Identifying and understanding target audience is important. The evidence from this study suggests that the television as an advertising medium appealed to the majority of respondents. Magazines and the Internet took the second and the third place respectively. It may help companies to better allocate their advertising space. Students have positive attitude towards advertising in general because it carries an informative function and creates awareness. The results indicate that majority of students prefer advertised products over unadvertised products and believe that commercials help them to make a better purchase. Vast majority wanted to try something just because they saw it in a commercial. Some interesting results were found. An advertising strategy when a company positions their products superior to competitors products proved ineffective as only few students trusted such commercials. Another implication possibility from this study is that commercials with songs appeal to consumers. Companies may consider using this strategy to their advantage. Limitations of the Research The current study was limited for the size of the sample and imbalance concerning the students country of origin. Because all of the respondents who responded within this project were international students, the findings do not necessarily reflect the habits and opinions of all students. This is important since an advertising usually targets the values of the western societies and different cultures may have different attitudes towards advertising. Therefore, it would be important to conduct further research in this area of media influence and involve more respondents from western-culture countries. Recommendations for further studies This research has raised many questions in need of investigation. The designed questions were not perfect so some other aspects may be needed to investigate what contributes to making a purchase decision. Some factors examined in this research influence consumers but not necessarily mean that they will make an actual purchase. For example, further research may investigate what advertising strategies such as verbal or visual elements appeal to consumers. Endnote This project has been concerned with advertisings influence on students purchasing decisions and the research indicates that choosing the correct advertising strategy is a crucial element in an effective marketing strategy.

frost Essay -- essays research papers

The Road Not Taken In line one, Frost introduces the elements of his primary metaphor, the diverging roads. Lines two to three expresses the speaker's disappointment with his human limitations; he must make a choice. The choice is not easy, since "long I stood" before coming to a decision. Lines four and five examine the path as best the narrator can. However his vision is limited because the path bends and is covered over. These lines indicate that although the speaker would like to acquire more information, he is prevented from doing so because of the nature of his environment. In the following three lines, lines six through eight, the speaker indicates that the second path is a more attractive choice because it appears as though nobody has ventured down it recently. However, he remains ambivalent, since the traveled path is "just as fair.?Although the poet breaks for a new stanza after line 10, the comparison of the paths continues in lines nine through twelve. Here, the speaker state s that the paths are "really about the same." Neither path has been traveled lately. Although he's searching for a clear logical reason to choose a single path, not one presents itself. In lines thirteen through fifteen, the speaker makes his decision. He tries to rationalize that he will be able to traverse both paths one day. However, he is quick to dismiss his hopes. Ending line thirteen, the exclamation point conveys excitement, but that excitement is quickly undercut by the admission contained in the following lines. In the final four lines, the only stanza beginning with a new sentence, the tone clearly shifts. The speaker imagines himself in the future, discussing his life. What he suggests, here, though, appears to contradict what he has said earlier. At the end of the poem, in the future, he will claim that the paths were different from each other and that he, courageous, did not choose the conventional one. Frost's quarrel with the world is apparent in this poem. The speaker of this poem, presumable Frost himself, is forced to make a decision. Literally, he must choose a path in the woods. However, Frost's paths in the woods metaphorically describe the decisions that one must make in life. Frost is perturbed with the world because, like the speaker, he has to choose between two divergent paths. Each path appears to be suitable, yet, Fro... ... done something or spoken a word that indicates who he really is, there is no turning back, in cannot be undone. Once again at the end of the poem regret hangs over the traveler. He realizes that at the end of his life, somewhere ages and ages hence? he will have the regrets about having never gone back and traveling the road he did not take. Yet, he remains proud of his decision and recognizes that it was this path that he chose which helped him live the life he did. â€Å"I took the road less traveled by and that has made all the difference? To this man, the most important thing was that he did not have to follow the crowd and could stand independent and travel down the road he really wanted to. If he had not, he would not be the same man he is now. There are many equally valid meanings to this poem and Robert Frost may have intended this. He may have been trying to achieve a universal meaning. In other words, there is no real moral to the poem. There is simply a narrator who makes a decision in his life that changed the direction of his life. It allows all readers from all different experiences to relate to the poem and encourages each to peruse his own dreams and individuality. frost Essay -- essays research papers The Road Not Taken In line one, Frost introduces the elements of his primary metaphor, the diverging roads. Lines two to three expresses the speaker's disappointment with his human limitations; he must make a choice. The choice is not easy, since "long I stood" before coming to a decision. Lines four and five examine the path as best the narrator can. However his vision is limited because the path bends and is covered over. These lines indicate that although the speaker would like to acquire more information, he is prevented from doing so because of the nature of his environment. In the following three lines, lines six through eight, the speaker indicates that the second path is a more attractive choice because it appears as though nobody has ventured down it recently. However, he remains ambivalent, since the traveled path is "just as fair.?Although the poet breaks for a new stanza after line 10, the comparison of the paths continues in lines nine through twelve. Here, the speaker state s that the paths are "really about the same." Neither path has been traveled lately. Although he's searching for a clear logical reason to choose a single path, not one presents itself. In lines thirteen through fifteen, the speaker makes his decision. He tries to rationalize that he will be able to traverse both paths one day. However, he is quick to dismiss his hopes. Ending line thirteen, the exclamation point conveys excitement, but that excitement is quickly undercut by the admission contained in the following lines. In the final four lines, the only stanza beginning with a new sentence, the tone clearly shifts. The speaker imagines himself in the future, discussing his life. What he suggests, here, though, appears to contradict what he has said earlier. At the end of the poem, in the future, he will claim that the paths were different from each other and that he, courageous, did not choose the conventional one. Frost's quarrel with the world is apparent in this poem. The speaker of this poem, presumable Frost himself, is forced to make a decision. Literally, he must choose a path in the woods. However, Frost's paths in the woods metaphorically describe the decisions that one must make in life. Frost is perturbed with the world because, like the speaker, he has to choose between two divergent paths. Each path appears to be suitable, yet, Fro... ... done something or spoken a word that indicates who he really is, there is no turning back, in cannot be undone. Once again at the end of the poem regret hangs over the traveler. He realizes that at the end of his life, somewhere ages and ages hence? he will have the regrets about having never gone back and traveling the road he did not take. Yet, he remains proud of his decision and recognizes that it was this path that he chose which helped him live the life he did. â€Å"I took the road less traveled by and that has made all the difference? To this man, the most important thing was that he did not have to follow the crowd and could stand independent and travel down the road he really wanted to. If he had not, he would not be the same man he is now. There are many equally valid meanings to this poem and Robert Frost may have intended this. He may have been trying to achieve a universal meaning. In other words, there is no real moral to the poem. There is simply a narrator who makes a decision in his life that changed the direction of his life. It allows all readers from all different experiences to relate to the poem and encourages each to peruse his own dreams and individuality.